Volume 21, Issue 2, 1991
Articles:
- Telecommunications: A Public Monopoly or a Competitive System? (S. Encel)
- Regulating Competition on Telecommunications: British Experience and its Lessons (M. Cave)
- Structural Changes in the Manufacturing Sectors of the Australian States (A.H. Harris and G.A. Wood)
- Australia’s Foreign Trade Strategy (P.J. Higgs)
- An Empirical Note on one Aspect of Labour Market Hysteresis (A.P. Layton)
- Effective Tax Rates: Marginal, Average and Cumulative (C. Sampford)
- Book Reviews
Telecommunications: A Public Monopoly or a Competitive System?
S. Encel
Pages: 107-128
Abstract:
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Full Text PDF (8.01MB)
Regulating Competition on Telecommunications: British Experience and its Lessons
M. Cave
Pages: 129-143
Abstract:
This paper is chiefly devoted to an account of the review of telecommunications policy carried out by the British Government in early 1991. But in order to explain and evaluate that review, it is useful first to discuss more general issues concerned with the regulation of competition in telecommunications. The British experience also has lessons for recent developments in Australian policy towards telecommunications, and some of these are discussed in the final section.
Full Text PDF (7.0MB)
Structural Changes in the Manufacturing Sectors of the Australian States
A.H. Harris and G.A. Wood
Pages: 147-158
Abstract:
This paper examines the pace of structural change in manufacturing industry in the six Australian states between 1971 and 1986. An index of compositional change is defined and measured for each state and nationally in the sample period. It suggests an increase in the pace of structural change in manufacturing in Australia as a whole, but a disparate pattern in both the pace and the direction of change among the states. About half of all structural change is reversed within three years. The type of industries which have been gaining in their share of overall manufacturing do not appear to be technologically sophisticated. Rather they are the more traditional natural resource based industries.
Full Text PDF (2.57MB)
Australia’s Foreign Trade Strategy
P.J. Higgs
Pages: 159-202
Abstract:
The prospects for successful multilateral trade liberalization from the Uruguay round of the GATT are uncertain. If the Uruguay round fails then this will increase the possibility that Western Europe, North America, and Japan may negotiate bilateral trade agreements. These deals would be to the detriment of third sources of supply such as Australia. If the above scenario occurs and Australia does not want to be left out on its own (together with New Zealand) then it must seek bilateral or trading bloc deals. In this paper some preliminary estimates are presented of the benefits to Australia off free trade agreements with the EC and the US. The key finding is that if these agreements are to significantly benefit Australia, then Australia must successfully negotiate concessions in the area of nontariff barriers. Finally, free trade agreements with the EC and the US could increase Australia’s real GDP by up to three per cent and one per cent, respectively.
Full Text PDF (9.62MB)
An Empirical Note on one Aspect of Labour Market Hysteresis
A.P. Layton
Pages: 203-209
Abstract:
One of the principal rationales for unemployment hysteresis focuses on the characterization of the labour market as consisting of insiders who possess wage negotiating power and outsiders who do not. A measure of bargaining power of insiders is overtime and this variable was found to be a significant determinant of wage inflation by Simes and Richardson (1987). Whereas their analysis dealt with aggregate national wage and overtime data, the current paper investigates the possibility that relative overtime worked at the industry level may be a significant determinant of differential interindustry wages growth.
Full Text PDF (1.37MB)
Effective Tax Rates: Marginal, Average and Cumulative
C. Sampford
Pages: 211-226
Abstract:
This paper argues that the effects of high EMTRs are not limited to the small number of workers whose last dollar of income falls within the well known high rates. Indeed all lower income earners face what are termed “cumulative effective tax rates” in excess of the current top marginal rate. This article will argue that most of the popular directions for tax reform tend to exacerbate the problem. Even those initiatives which are specifically designed to reduce effective marginal tax rates frequently merely shift the peaks of effective rates, leaving the averages unchanged for most.
Full Text PDF (3.74MB)
Book Reviews:
- North South Co-Operation in Retrospect and Prospect (C.J. Jepma)
- OPEC and the Price of Petroleum: Theoretical Consideration and Empirical Evidence (M. Rauscher)
- Location Analysis and General Theory: Economic, Political, Regional and Dynamic – selected papers of Walter Isard, Volume 1 (C. Smith)
- Practical Methods of Regional Science and Empirical Applications selected papers of Walter Isard, Volume 2 (C. Smith)
- International Finance and Global Financial Markets (D.J. Jüttner)
- Financial Markets, Interest Rates and Monetary Economics, 2nd edn (D.J. Jüttner)
- Agriculture in the Australian Economy, 3rd edn (D.B. Williams)
- Cost Efficient Alternatives for the Assembly, Packaging and Transport of the Australian Wool Clip, with Emphasis on Supply Variability, Seasonality, Solution Sensitivity and Investment Decisions (P.A. Cassidy and H.J. Toft)
- Australia’s Greatest Asset: Human Resources in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries (D. Pope and L. Alston)
- Critique of Economic Reason (A. Gorz)
- Improving Decision Making in Organisations: Proceedings of the Eight International Conference on Multiple Criteria Decision Making (A.G. Lockett and G. Islei)
- Keynes: Philosophy, Economics and Politics (R.M. O’Donnell)
- On Ethics and Economics (A. Sen)
- Economics as a Process: Essays in the New Institutional Economics (R.N. Langlois)
- Regulation of the Firm and Natural Monopoly (M. Waterson)
- Selling the State: Privatisation in Britain (C. Veljanovski and M. Bentley)
- The Welfare State: Foundations and Alternatives (M. James)
Pages: 107-128
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